By Kiran Kumar S, Bangalore (Inputs from Prof Rakesh Sinha, New Delhi)
You might
have heard about the ongoing debate as to whether a separate university,
with 50% reservation for Muslims, be setup in Karnataka, in the name of
Tipu Sultan. This is a part of a plan of the current UPA government, to
setup five such universities in India, with the other four being in
Bihar, Poschim Bongo, Jammu & Kashmir and Madhya Pradesh. The focus
in Karnataka is mostly about the name of Tipu. The proponents like
Congress party’s minister Rahaman Khan and KPCC President Dr.
Parameshwar, are painting Tipu Sultan as a great patriot and deserves a
university in his name. The opponents like BJP’s G Madhusudhan and
Kannada researcher Dr. Chidananda Murthy, are vehemently saying Tipu was
anti-Kannada, anti-Hindu and must not have any university named after
him.

But the real issue is more serious. It’s
not just about pro or anti Tipu, but the mindset behind a separate
university for Muslims. Most of the information in here is from Dr.
Rakesh Sinha’s research. He is the Director of India Policy Foundation
in Dilli and an expert in this field of Social Sciences. If there are
factual corrections, please do let us know, so that we can discuss with
Dr. Sinha soon.
1. Creates Pillars of Separatism:
Segregation of students based on religion is not going to help the
national unity and the spirit of secularism. India has a very wide level
of diversity and separating students in their formative years, based on
separate religious university is going to hurt the nation in the long
run. If Divya Shetty, Mark D’Souza, Shriram Bhat, Raju Valmiki,
Manjunath Hiremath, Lakshmi Gowda, Baljeet Singh, Rashmi Poovaiah and
Babu Naidu can all study in the same class, why not Fatima Shaikh or
Syed Abdullah? The very idea of Tipu University in Karnataka, the very
speeches we heard recently of Akbaruddin Owaisi in Andhra Pradesh, are
effects of the “we are different” mentality being nurtured by systematic
segregation. We need to overcome such “we are different” mindset.
2. Creates Wrong Icons:
If you recall the effect of Aligarh Muslim University from the late 19th century and early 20th
century, it created wrong icons. Most people praise Sir Syed Ahmed
Khan as a great Muslim Reformer. But the reality was that via Aligarh
Muslim University, he shaped the minds of generations of young Muslims
into the Two Nation Theory. Dr. Rakesh Sinha strongly indicates that the
actual Father of Pakistan was not Mohammed Ali Jinnah, but Sir Syed
Ahmed Khan, with considerable help from William W Hunter of Hunter
Commission. Unlike the real reformers of society like Ishwar Chandra
Vidya Sagar who were instrumental in the widow remarriage reform in
Hindu society, Syed Ahmed Khan did not bring any great social changes
via laws into the Muslim community. In fact his ideology was responsible
for the creation of Muslim League in 1906. Khilafat movement and heavy
focus on Urdu (today, Pakistan’s national language) were all results of
Aligarh Muslim University’s cadre. Syed Ahmed Khan was pro-British,
against independent India, feudal and non-liberal. With a 21st
century separate Muslim university and committees like Sachar
(equivalent of the Pirpur Committee before partition), the same process
of setting wrong icons may get repeated. Have you ever asked why Abdul
Kalam, Humayun Kabir, Arif Mohammed Khan and Darah Shikoh, with strong
roots into Indian unity in diversity concept, are not the most
celebrated icons of young Muslims today, but Shah Jehan, Syed Ahmed
Khan, Tipu Sultan and Aurangzeb are?
3. Gives More Importance to Religion:
If you have observed recently, the number of Muslims in UPSC success
list is under 4%, in spite of being at least 3.5 times that in
population percentage. The reasons are not just poverty or
backwardness,as there are many other communities sharing poverty story.
The real reason is that more Muslims send their kids to religious
schools like Madrassas than UPSC competitive exam coaching classes.
Separate schooling in such setups will not help a unified India’s
agenda. India needs a collective spirit among youth, not separate
education policies based on religion.
4. Hindus, Christians, Sikhs and Others Won’t Attend Such University:
Dr. Chidananda Murthy made a great point here. If you have a
university with 50% Muslim reservation, how many Hindu parents will
actually send their children to study in such a place? Most likely over
the years, the university will become an overwhelming Muslim majority
university, more like a ghetto concept. With no interaction with other
fellow Indians during important formative years, many youth may easily
become pray to anti India and anti Hindu forces. There are examples from
Aligarh already to review.
5. Is it Right Constitutionally?
Is paying using Tax payer’s money (of all religions, sects and
languages) to promote a university mainly for Muslims, in the right
spirit of India, per the constitution? Yes, there may be private
participation, but we are talking of public money. People who study in
such universities, may end up asking for separate electorate tomorrow on
communal lines. Once you put the “you are separate, you deserve
separate university” message in the mind, the youth may start asking for
lot more entitlements on the same lines tomorrow. This is nothing but a
clear case of religious appeasement which is against the spirit of
Indian constitution, that declares, all Indians have equal stake in the
country’s resources.
The concepts such of Ministry of Minority Affairs and the National
Committee for Minorities are all results of appeasement. If one starts
interpreting the constitution precisely, there may be challenges to such
setup based purely on religion identity, in a secular nation.
6. Politics of Backwardness:
Where will this stop? If nearly 17.8 crore Muslims in India today
need separate university because of grievances listed by its leaders,
will similar universities pop up for much smaller groups like Agarwals,
Brahmins, Jains, Valmikis, Bodos, Kurubas etc., if they also meet
‘backwardness’ criteria in economic and representation scale? Will India
end up setting up Universities based on all religious and caste lines,
paying them with tax payers’ money? Are we heading towards nations
within nation?
This kind of politics of backwardness is a result of force-fed
victimization messages by the religious and appeasing political leaders.
It will then strengthen more separate identity projects like separate
banks, separate employment, separate laws, separate areas to live and so
on.
7. The Very Concept of ‘Minority’ is Faulty:
Tajamul Hussain, a Barrister, a member of Constituent Assembly of
India from Bihar, said in 1949: “The term minority is a British
creation. When the British are gone and the term minority has to go with
them. Please remove the term minority from your dictionary. There is no
minority in India, we just have different modes of worship.”
Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, or HC Mukherjee, the Vice President of
India’s Constituent Assembly and a practicing Christian, categorically
questioned in 1949. “Do you want to create one nation and one people? If
so, you can not recognize any minority or majority. India will again be
partitioned if you create the minority concept”.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the Iron Man of India, asked in the
parliament in late 1940s when questioned about Muslim reservation: “Do
you want to divide the nation once again? Those who want separate
education and separate reservation, have a country already created for
them”. This is coming from a man who fought vehemently to unite nearly
600 independent kingdoms into India as we know today.
The exact words can be looked upon from the archives, but the core
messages are as mentioned above, per Dr. Rakesh Sinha’s extensive
research.
And see where we have landed up in 21st century, from great stalwarts of 20th
century. Sachar committee even tried to get religious composition of
the most secular organization in India today, the Army! Glad that India
has great Generals like JJ Singh, who angrily reacted in 2006 to even
the Defense Minister, keeping the survey of religious composition out of
armed forces.
8. Against Liberal Democratic Values:
Many of the champions of secularism hail the western model of liberal
democracy, but indulge in exactly opposite in India. Do you know that
Belgium, a celebrated liberal democracy of the west, banned Burqa in
2011, even though less than 100 women wore Burqa in the entire nation?
The most interesting point here is that there were zero votes against
it! Yes, we are talking of a liberal democracy here. France, another
celebrated Liberal democracy, issued a ban on all face covering in 2011.
This has put anyone seriously practicing the hijab or burqa, virtually
under house arrest. Britain, the inspiring fountain of India’s
constitution, judiciary and law enforcement, saw its PM David Cameroon
stand up and say, ‘Multi Culturalism has failed”. This is a huge
statement coming from the Prime Minister of a nation which inspired most
of the liberal democratic values India follows today! United States
does not allow polygamy to Muslim men, even though they say it is
supported in their religious laws called Sharia. Still USA is a very
liberal democracy for anyone studying political science in India.
So it is safe to say that none of the so-called liberal democracies
support an idea like separate Muslim University or separate civil laws
based on religion. Why does a progressive liberal democracy like India
doing it? Even an Arab country like Tunisia, with 98% Muslims, has
banned polygamy, and so has Turkey with 96% Muslims. But a democratic
India with 86% non-Muslims, allows polygamy for Muslims. If you start
looking into the policies of democracies across the world, there are so
many things India allows which are against the liberal democratic
values. Adding to that list is this dangerous idea of a separate Muslim
university in Karnataka.
9. Mistaken Role of the Indian State:
Indian state, by its very nature of a secular, socialistic democracy,
must encourage an all round development, and peaceful co-existence
among all its residents. Constantly appeasing one section of the society
in the form of religious pilgrimage subsidy, allowing to abstain from
singing the national song, keeping them away from Sanskrit education,
the root of Indic civilization, are all smaller examples of a bigger
problem. Recently we are seeing many state governments giving monetary
benefit to religious teachers, giving scholarship exclusively for girls
of one community and so on. The governments of India must support
unified and equal benefit approach to all its citizen, and not indulge
in vote-bank divisionary politics.
10. Against the Indian Ethos of Respect for All:
India stands on equality concept. India is made up of its people who
believe that all religions, creed, caste, colour, language etc. are
equal. If you push separate educational systems like Muslim University
(or for that matter, any other religious university), you are shaking
the very root of unity in diversity in India. You are essentially
telling Muslim youth that you can not succeed in the general education
system, so you need separate universities! You are directly or
indirectly harming their self confidence, rather than helping them.
So, all those pushing for a Tipu Sultan University in Karnataka,
please introspect. Read more on what the great thinkers like Tajamul
Hussain spoke at the Constituent Assembly while the constitution of
India was being formed. Read more about the factors that created
Pakistan, particularly where the two-nation-theory emerged and got
nurtured. Learn about the role of Aligarh Muslim University’s role in
many of these radical and separatist ideologies. Observe the diverse
nature of Indian society and how common education is shaping them to gel
together as one society.
Then ask yourself – Do I still need a separate
university for Muslims, which will most likely end up as a ghetto,
radicalizing a whole generation of youth soon?
The choice is yours. But make an educated choice which will help the future of united and secular India.
http://samvada.org/2013/news/understanding-the-mindset-behind-separate-muslim-universities-writes-kiran-ks/